Equipment

What equipment is necessary?
While there are many possible designs for a solar water heating system, it generally consists of three components:
 
Solar Collector - absorbs solar radiation and converts it into useable heat
 
Solar Pump and Controller - transfers heat from the solar collector to the storage tank
 
Storage Tank - stores the heated water
 
 
How visible are solar collectors and where should they be placed?
Solar collectors are the largest component of a solar water heating system, and most homes require one to three collectors. Modern solar collectors are attractively finished and look similar to low-profile skylights.  For optimal performance, collectors should be on an unshaded, south-facing roof or wall that receives sunlight at least 80 percent of the time between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. during winter and summer.
 
 
How is the water temperature regulated?
Generally, the storage tank stores hotter water than you would use.  Mixing valves regulate the amount of solar heated water that's combined with incoming cold water, blending it to the desired temperature.
 
Do I need a backup system?
Yes.  Solar water heating systems are combined with a conventional water heating device such as a backup source to ensure a steady supply of hot water.  During periods of extended cloudiness, the solar water heating system may not be able to provide for all your water needs, but it will preheat water so the conventional water heating device doesn't have to work as hard.
 
Is a solar water heating system equally feasible on old and new homes?
Absolutely.  It may cost slightly more to retrofit a system to an existing water heater, but the energy savings make both options cost-effective.  In addition to providing years of savings to a home owner, a solar water heating system increases the resale value of a home.
 
What standards regulate solar products and equipment?
Solar water heating products are evaluated and rated by the Solar Rating and Certification Corporation (SRCC). Created in 1980, the SRCC is an independent, nonprofit organization that develops and implements certification programs and national rating standards for solar energy equipment.  SRCC certification programs help government agencies, utility companies and consumers by providing a basis for tax credit and rebate regulation, as well as a means for setting codes and standards.  Many states and utility companies require SRCC certified products to be used in solar installations.